phonology

vowels

several consonants can also be syllable nuclei:

each vowel (and syllabic consonant) has a front and back realisation, depending on the adjacent consonant(s)—see below.
the lateral consonants are voiced fricatives rather than approximants.
at the end of a word, all of /e æ ɤ ɑ/ become [ɐ].
occasionally vowels can be long, in which case they are written double.
allowed diphthongs are /æi æɯ ɑi ɑɯ ei ʌɯ/, which are pronounced the length of a long vowel.

	labial^O	dental^F	alveolar^B	retroflex^B	palatal^F	velar^B	uvular^B	glottal^O
plosive		/t̟/ ṭ	/t̠/ t	/ʈ/ d	/c/ c	/k/ k	/q/ q	/ʔ/ Ɂɂ
ejective		/t̟ʼ/ ṭṭ	/t̠ʼ/ tt	/ʈʼ/ dd	/cʼ/ cc	/kʼ/ kk
fricative	/β/ v	/z̟/ ẓ	/z̠/ z	/ʐ/ ž	/ʝ/ j	/ɣ/ g		/h/ h
	/ɸ/ f	/s̟/ ṣ	/s̠/ s	/ʂ/ š
nasal	/m/ m		/n̠/ n	/ɳ/ ň	/ɲ/ ñ	/ŋ/ ŋ
lateral		/l̟/ ḷ	/l̠/ l		/ʎ/ y	/ʟ/ ł
trill			/r/ r				/ʀ/ ř

dental consonants are apical and alveolars are laminal.
each place of articulation is marked by which allophone of vowels it triggers:
- F: front (e.g. /i/ → [i], /ɯ/ → [ɨ], etc)
- B: back (e.g. /i/ → [ɨ], /ɯ/ → [ɯ], etc)
- O (“outer”): if the vowel is short, and the consonant on the other side of the vowel is F or B, then that allophone is used. otherwise, it is the non-central allophone. (in the case of long vowels and diphthongs, the non-central allophone is always used.)
between an F and B consonant, or vice versa, a vowel becomes a glide between its allophones.
at the end of a word, F-laterals become [j] and B-laterals become [ɰ].
non-ejective plosives are strongly aspirated (including in clusters, unlike english), except for /c k q/ at the end of a word, which are instead affricated [cç kx qχ].
the sequences /cʝ kɣ/ are pronounced [cç kx]. this and the previous rule are the only times [ç x] appear, so there is no reason to analyse them as separate phonemes of their own.

i need to redo this lol

syllables are categorised into one of three weight categories.

a light syllable has a short vowel and no coda consonants.
a heavy syllable has either a long vowel or diphthong; or a short vowel and exactly one coda consonant.
a superheavy syllable is anything else—more than one coda consonant, or a long vowel and one or more coda consonants.

then, the stress rules are:

if there are any superheavy syllables, then the first one of them is stressed.
otherwise, if there are any heavy syllables other than the last, then the first of them is stressed. (a final heavy syllable is not stressed.)
otherwise, all syllables are light, and the first syllable is stressed.
secondary stress is every second syllable in each direction from the primary stress.

(all proper names. also might be replaced with something more complex)